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jxing 4 年之前
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docs/setup/centos/server/postgresql-docker.md

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+# centos7下使用docker安装postgresql服务(带plpython3u扩展)
+
+## 安装docker (使用root用户)
+
+    1. 更新yum
+        yum update
+    2. 安装必要的依赖
+        yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
+    3. 设置yum源(二选一)
+        yum-config-manager --add-repo http://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo(中央仓库)
+        yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo(阿里仓库)
+        
+    4. 查看仓库中docker版本
+        yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
+    5. 安装docker
+        yum install docker-ce-版本号
+        (例如: yum install docker-ce-18.03.1.ce)
+    6. 启动docker并将docker加入开机启动
+        1). systemctl start docker
+        2). systemctl enable docker
+        
+    7. docker帮助
+        docker --help
+        docker 命令 --help
+
+## 创建镜像
+
+    1. 创建临时工作目录
+    
+        cd ~ && mkdir dockerTemp && cd dockerTemp
+
+    2. 拷贝docker-entrypoint.sh 和 Dockerfile进临时工作目录
+        (文件名大小写敏感, docker-entrypoint.sh 需要有可执行权限, chmod 777 docker-entrypoint.sh)
+    
+![pg001](./img/pgdocker_001.jpg)
+
+<details>
+<summary>docker-entrypoint.sh 内容</summary>
+
+    #!/usr/bin/env bash
+    set -Eeo pipefail
+    # TODO swap to -Eeuo pipefail above (after handling all potentially-unset variables)
+    
+    # usage: file_env VAR [DEFAULT]
+    #    ie: file_env 'XYZ_DB_PASSWORD' 'example'
+    # (will allow for "$XYZ_DB_PASSWORD_FILE" to fill in the value of
+    #  "$XYZ_DB_PASSWORD" from a file, especially for Docker's secrets feature)
+    file_env() {
+        local var="$1"
+        local fileVar="${var}_FILE"
+        local def="${2:-}"
+        if [ "${!var:-}" ] && [ "${!fileVar:-}" ]; then
+            echo >&2 "error: both $var and $fileVar are set (but are exclusive)"
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        local val="$def"
+        if [ "${!var:-}" ]; then
+            val="${!var}"
+        elif [ "${!fileVar:-}" ]; then
+            val="$(< "${!fileVar}")"
+        fi
+        export "$var"="$val"
+        unset "$fileVar"
+    }
+    
+    # check to see if this file is being run or sourced from another script
+    _is_sourced() {
+        # https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/215279
+        [ "${#FUNCNAME[@]}" -ge 2 ] \
+            && [ "${FUNCNAME[0]}" = '_is_sourced' ] \
+            && [ "${FUNCNAME[1]}" = 'source' ]
+    }
+    
+    # used to create initial postgres directories and if run as root, ensure ownership to the "postgres" user
+    docker_create_db_directories() {
+        local user; user="$(id -u)"
+    
+        mkdir -p "$PGDATA"
+        chmod 700 "$PGDATA"
+    
+        # ignore failure since it will be fine when using the image provided directory; see also https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/pull/289
+        mkdir -p /var/run/postgresql || :
+        chmod 775 /var/run/postgresql || :
+    
+        # Create the transaction log directory before initdb is run so the directory is owned by the correct user
+        if [ -n "$POSTGRES_INITDB_WALDIR" ]; then
+            mkdir -p "$POSTGRES_INITDB_WALDIR"
+            if [ "$user" = '0' ]; then
+                find "$POSTGRES_INITDB_WALDIR" \! -user postgres -exec chown postgres '{}' +
+            fi
+            chmod 700 "$POSTGRES_INITDB_WALDIR"
+        fi
+    
+        # allow the container to be started with `--user`
+        if [ "$user" = '0' ]; then
+            find "$PGDATA" \! -user postgres -exec chown postgres '{}' +
+            find /var/run/postgresql \! -user postgres -exec chown postgres '{}' +
+        fi
+    }
+    
+    # initialize empty PGDATA directory with new database via 'initdb'
+    # arguments to `initdb` can be passed via POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS or as arguments to this function
+    # `initdb` automatically creates the "postgres", "template0", and "template1" dbnames
+    # this is also where the database user is created, specified by `POSTGRES_USER` env
+    docker_init_database_dir() {
+        # "initdb" is particular about the current user existing in "/etc/passwd", so we use "nss_wrapper" to fake that if necessary
+        # see https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/pull/253, https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/issues/359, https://cwrap.org/nss_wrapper.html
+        if ! getent passwd "$(id -u)" &> /dev/null && [ -e /usr/lib/libnss_wrapper.so ]; then
+            export LD_PRELOAD='/usr/lib/libnss_wrapper.so'
+            export NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD="$(mktemp)"
+            export NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP="$(mktemp)"
+            echo "postgres:x:$(id -u):$(id -g):PostgreSQL:$PGDATA:/bin/false" > "$NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD"
+            echo "postgres:x:$(id -g):" > "$NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP"
+        fi
+    
+        if [ -n "$POSTGRES_INITDB_WALDIR" ]; then
+            set -- --waldir "$POSTGRES_INITDB_WALDIR" "$@"
+        fi
+    
+        eval 'initdb --username="$POSTGRES_USER" --pwfile=<(echo "$POSTGRES_PASSWORD") '"$POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS"' "$@"'
+    
+        # unset/cleanup "nss_wrapper" bits
+        if [ "${LD_PRELOAD:-}" = '/usr/lib/libnss_wrapper.so' ]; then
+            rm -f "$NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD" "$NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP"
+            unset LD_PRELOAD NSS_WRAPPER_PASSWD NSS_WRAPPER_GROUP
+        fi
+    }
+    
+    # print large warning if POSTGRES_PASSWORD is long
+    # error if both POSTGRES_PASSWORD is empty and POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD is not 'trust'
+    # print large warning if POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD is set to 'trust'
+    # assumes database is not set up, ie: [ -z "$DATABASE_ALREADY_EXISTS" ]
+    docker_verify_minimum_env() {
+        # check password first so we can output the warning before postgres
+        # messes it up
+        if [ "${#POSTGRES_PASSWORD}" -ge 100 ]; then
+            cat >&2 <<-'EOWARN'
+    
+                WARNING: The supplied POSTGRES_PASSWORD is 100+ characters.
+    
+                  This will not work if used via PGPASSWORD with "psql".
+    
+                  https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/E1Rqxp2-0004Qt-PL%40wrigleys.postgresql.org (BUG #6412)
+                  https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/issues/507
+    
+            EOWARN
+        fi
+        if [ -z "$POSTGRES_PASSWORD" ] && [ 'trust' != "$POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD" ]; then
+            # The - option suppresses leading tabs but *not* spaces. :)
+            cat >&2 <<-'EOE'
+                Error: Database is uninitialized and superuser password is not specified.
+                       You must specify POSTGRES_PASSWORD to a non-empty value for the
+                       superuser. For example, "-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password" on "docker run".
+    
+                       You may also use "POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD=trust" to allow all
+                       connections without a password. This is *not* recommended.
+    
+                       See PostgreSQL documentation about "trust":
+                       https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/auth-trust.html
+            EOE
+            exit 1
+        fi
+        if [ 'trust' = "$POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD" ]; then
+            cat >&2 <<-'EOWARN'
+                ********************************************************************************
+                WARNING: POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD has been set to "trust". This will allow
+                         anyone with access to the Postgres port to access your database without
+                         a password, even if POSTGRES_PASSWORD is set. See PostgreSQL
+                         documentation about "trust":
+                         https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/auth-trust.html
+                         In Docker's default configuration, this is effectively any other
+                         container on the same system.
+    
+                         It is not recommended to use POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD=trust. Replace
+                         it with "-e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password" instead to set a password in
+                         "docker run".
+                ********************************************************************************
+            EOWARN
+        fi
+    }
+    
+    # usage: docker_process_init_files [file [file [...]]]
+    #    ie: docker_process_init_files /always-initdb.d/*
+    # process initializer files, based on file extensions and permissions
+    docker_process_init_files() {
+        # psql here for backwards compatiblilty "${psql[@]}"
+        psql=( docker_process_sql )
+    
+        echo
+        local f
+        for f; do
+            case "$f" in
+                *.sh)
+                    # https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/issues/450#issuecomment-393167936
+                    # https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/pull/452
+                    if [ -x "$f" ]; then
+                        echo "$0: running $f"
+                        "$f"
+                    else
+                        echo "$0: sourcing $f"
+                        . "$f"
+                    fi
+                    ;;
+                *.sql)    echo "$0: running $f"; docker_process_sql -f "$f"; echo ;;
+                *.sql.gz) echo "$0: running $f"; gunzip -c "$f" | docker_process_sql; echo ;;
+                *.sql.xz) echo "$0: running $f"; xzcat "$f" | docker_process_sql; echo ;;
+                *)        echo "$0: ignoring $f" ;;
+            esac
+            echo
+        done
+    }
+    
+    # Execute sql script, passed via stdin (or -f flag of pqsl)
+    # usage: docker_process_sql [psql-cli-args]
+    #    ie: docker_process_sql --dbname=mydb <<<'INSERT ...'
+    #    ie: docker_process_sql -f my-file.sql
+    #    ie: docker_process_sql <my-file.sql
+    docker_process_sql() {
+        local query_runner=( psql -v ON_ERROR_STOP=1 --username "$POSTGRES_USER" --no-password )
+        if [ -n "$POSTGRES_DB" ]; then
+            query_runner+=( --dbname "$POSTGRES_DB" )
+        fi
+    
+        "${query_runner[@]}" "$@"
+    }
+    
+    # create initial database
+    # uses environment variables for input: POSTGRES_DB
+    docker_setup_db() {
+        if [ "$POSTGRES_DB" != 'postgres' ]; then
+            POSTGRES_DB= docker_process_sql --dbname postgres --set db="$POSTGRES_DB" <<-'EOSQL'
+                CREATE DATABASE :"db" ;
+            EOSQL
+            echo
+        fi
+    }
+    
+    # Loads various settings that are used elsewhere in the script
+    # This should be called before any other functions
+    docker_setup_env() {
+        file_env 'POSTGRES_PASSWORD'
+    
+        file_env 'POSTGRES_USER' 'postgres'
+        file_env 'POSTGRES_DB' "$POSTGRES_USER"
+        file_env 'POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS'
+        # default authentication method is md5
+        : "${POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD:=md5}"
+    
+        declare -g DATABASE_ALREADY_EXISTS
+        # look specifically for PG_VERSION, as it is expected in the DB dir
+        if [ -s "$PGDATA/PG_VERSION" ]; then
+            DATABASE_ALREADY_EXISTS='true'
+        fi
+    }
+    
+    # append POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD to pg_hba.conf for "host" connections
+    pg_setup_hba_conf() {
+        {
+            echo
+            if [ 'trust' = "$POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD" ]; then
+                echo '# warning trust is enabled for all connections'
+                echo '# see https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/auth-trust.html'
+            fi
+            echo "host all all all $POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD"
+        } >> "$PGDATA/pg_hba.conf"
+    }
+    
+    # start socket-only postgresql server for setting up or running scripts
+    # all arguments will be passed along as arguments to `postgres` (via pg_ctl)
+    docker_temp_server_start() {
+        if [ "$1" = 'postgres' ]; then
+            shift
+        fi
+    
+        # internal start of server in order to allow setup using psql client
+        # does not listen on external TCP/IP and waits until start finishes
+        set -- "$@" -c listen_addresses='' -p "${PGPORT:-5432}"
+    
+        PGUSER="${PGUSER:-$POSTGRES_USER}" \
+        pg_ctl -D "$PGDATA" \
+            -o "$(printf '%q ' "$@")" \
+            -w start
+    }
+    
+    # stop postgresql server after done setting up user and running scripts
+    docker_temp_server_stop() {
+        PGUSER="${PGUSER:-postgres}" \
+        pg_ctl -D "$PGDATA" -m fast -w stop
+    }
+    
+    # check arguments for an option that would cause postgres to stop
+    # return true if there is one
+    _pg_want_help() {
+        local arg
+        for arg; do
+            case "$arg" in
+                # postgres --help | grep 'then exit'
+                # leaving out -C on purpose since it always fails and is unhelpful:
+                # postgres: could not access the server configuration file "/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf": No such file or directory
+                -'?'|--help|--describe-config|-V|--version)
+                    return 0
+                    ;;
+            esac
+        done
+        return 1
+    }
+    
+    _main() {
+        # if first arg looks like a flag, assume we want to run postgres server
+        if [ "${1:0:1}" = '-' ]; then
+            set -- postgres "$@"
+        fi
+    
+        if [ "$1" = 'postgres' ] && ! _pg_want_help "$@"; then
+            docker_setup_env
+            # setup data directories and permissions (when run as root)
+            docker_create_db_directories
+            if [ "$(id -u)" = '0' ]; then
+                # then restart script as postgres user
+                exec gosu postgres "$BASH_SOURCE" "$@"
+            fi
+    
+            # only run initialization on an empty data directory
+            if [ -z "$DATABASE_ALREADY_EXISTS" ]; then
+                docker_verify_minimum_env
+    
+                # check dir permissions to reduce likelihood of half-initialized database
+                ls /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/ > /dev/null
+    
+                docker_init_database_dir
+                pg_setup_hba_conf
+    
+                # PGPASSWORD is required for psql when authentication is required for 'local' connections via pg_hba.conf and is otherwise harmless
+                # e.g. when '--auth=md5' or '--auth-local=md5' is used in POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS
+                export PGPASSWORD="${PGPASSWORD:-$POSTGRES_PASSWORD}"
+                docker_temp_server_start "$@"
+    
+                docker_setup_db
+                docker_process_init_files /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/*
+    
+                docker_temp_server_stop
+                unset PGPASSWORD
+    
+                echo
+                echo 'PostgreSQL init process complete; ready for start up.'
+                echo
+            else
+                echo
+                echo 'PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization'
+                echo
+            fi
+        fi
+    
+        exec "$@"
+    }
+    
+    if ! _is_sourced; then
+        _main "$@"
+    fi
+
+</details>
+
+<details>
+<summary>Dockerfile 内容</summary>
+
+    # FROM debian:buster-slim AS BASE1
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    
+    FROM buildpack-deps:buster
+    
+    # ensure local python is preferred over distribution python
+    ENV PATH /usr/local/bin:$PATH
+    
+    # http://bugs.python.org/issue19846
+    # > At the moment, setting "LANG=C" on a Linux system *fundamentally breaks Python 3*, and that's not OK.
+    ENV LANG C.UTF-8
+    
+    # extra dependencies (over what buildpack-deps already includes)
+    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    		libbluetooth-dev \
+    		tk-dev \
+    		uuid-dev \
+    	&& rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+    
+    ENV GPG_KEY 0D96DF4D4110E5C43FBFB17F2D347EA6AA65421D
+    ENV PYTHON_VERSION 3.7.7
+    
+    RUN set -ex \
+    	\
+    	&& wget -O python.tar.xz "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION%%[a-z]*}/Python-$PYTHON_VERSION.tar.xz" \
+    	&& wget -O python.tar.xz.asc "https://www.python.org/ftp/python/${PYTHON_VERSION%%[a-z]*}/Python-$PYTHON_VERSION.tar.xz.asc" \
+    	&& export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)" \
+    	&& gpg --batch --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$GPG_KEY" \
+    	&& gpg --batch --verify python.tar.xz.asc python.tar.xz \
+    	&& { command -v gpgconf > /dev/null && gpgconf --kill all || :; } \
+    	&& rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME" python.tar.xz.asc \
+    	&& mkdir -p /usr/src/python \
+    	&& tar -xJC /usr/src/python --strip-components=1 -f python.tar.xz \
+    	&& rm python.tar.xz \
+    	\
+    	&& cd /usr/src/python \
+    	&& gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)" \
+    	&& ./configure \
+    		--build="$gnuArch" \
+    		--enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions \
+    		--enable-optimizations \
+    		--enable-option-checking=fatal \
+    		--enable-shared \
+    		--with-system-expat \
+    		--with-system-ffi \
+    		--without-ensurepip \
+    	&& make -j "$(nproc)" \
+    # setting PROFILE_TASK makes "--enable-optimizations" reasonable: https://bugs.python.org/issue36044 / https://github.com/docker-library/python/issues/160#issuecomment-509426916
+    		PROFILE_TASK='-m test.regrtest --pgo \
+    			test_array \
+    			test_base64 \
+    			test_binascii \
+    			test_binhex \
+    			test_binop \
+    			test_bytes \
+    			test_c_locale_coercion \
+    			test_class \
+    			test_cmath \
+    			test_codecs \
+    			test_compile \
+    			test_complex \
+    			test_csv \
+    			test_decimal \
+    			test_dict \
+    			test_float \
+    			test_fstring \
+    			test_hashlib \
+    			test_io \
+    			test_iter \
+    			test_json \
+    			test_long \
+    			test_math \
+    			test_memoryview \
+    			test_pickle \
+    			test_re \
+    			test_set \
+    			test_slice \
+    			test_struct \
+    			test_threading \
+    			test_time \
+    			test_traceback \
+    			test_unicode \
+    		' \
+    	&& make install \
+    	&& ldconfig \
+    	\
+    	&& find /usr/local -depth \
+    		\( \
+    			\( -type d -a \( -name test -o -name tests -o -name idle_test \) \) \
+    			-o \
+    			\( -type f -a \( -name '*.pyc' -o -name '*.pyo' \) \) \
+    		\) -exec rm -rf '{}' + \
+    	&& rm -rf /usr/src/python \
+    	\
+    	&& python3 --version
+    
+    # make some useful symlinks that are expected to exist
+    RUN cd /usr/local/bin \
+    	&& ln -s idle3 idle \
+    	&& ln -s pydoc3 pydoc \
+    	&& ln -s python3 python \
+    	&& ln -s python3-config python-config
+    
+    # if this is called "PIP_VERSION", pip explodes with "ValueError: invalid truth value '<VERSION>'"
+    ENV PYTHON_PIP_VERSION 20.1.1
+    # https://github.com/pypa/get-pip
+    ENV PYTHON_GET_PIP_URL https://github.com/pypa/get-pip/raw/eff16c878c7fd6b688b9b4c4267695cf1a0bf01b/get-pip.py
+    ENV PYTHON_GET_PIP_SHA256 b3153ec0cf7b7bbf9556932aa37e4981c35dc2a2c501d70d91d2795aa532be79
+    
+    RUN set -ex; \
+    	\
+    	wget -O get-pip.py "$PYTHON_GET_PIP_URL"; \
+    	echo "$PYTHON_GET_PIP_SHA256 *get-pip.py" | sha256sum --check --strict -; \
+    	\
+    	python get-pip.py \
+    		--disable-pip-version-check \
+    		--no-cache-dir \
+    		"pip==$PYTHON_PIP_VERSION" \
+    	; \
+    	pip --version; \
+    	\
+    	find /usr/local -depth \
+    		\( \
+    			\( -type d -a \( -name test -o -name tests -o -name idle_test \) \) \
+    			-o \
+    			\( -type f -a \( -name '*.pyc' -o -name '*.pyo' \) \) \
+    		\) -exec rm -rf '{}' +; \
+    	rm -f get-pip.py
+    
+    # CMD ["python3"]
+    
+    
+    # FROM debian:buster-slim
+    
+    RUN set -ex; \
+    	if ! command -v gpg > /dev/null; then \
+    		apt-get update; \
+    		apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    			gnupg \
+    			dirmngr \
+    		; \
+    		rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
+    	fi
+    
+    # explicitly set user/group IDs
+    RUN set -eux; \
+    	groupadd -r postgres --gid=999; \
+    # https://salsa.debian.org/postgresql/postgresql-common/blob/997d842ee744687d99a2b2d95c1083a2615c79e8/debian/postgresql-common.postinst#L32-35
+    	useradd -r -g postgres --uid=999 --home-dir=/var/lib/postgresql --shell=/bin/bash postgres; \
+    # also create the postgres user's home directory with appropriate permissions
+    # see https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/issues/274
+    	mkdir -p /var/lib/postgresql; \
+    	chown -R postgres:postgres /var/lib/postgresql
+    
+    # grab gosu for easy step-down from root
+    # https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases
+    ENV GOSU_VERSION 1.12
+    RUN set -eux; \
+    	savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \
+    	apt-get update; \
+    	apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends ca-certificates wget; \
+    	rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
+    	dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture | awk -F- '{ print $NF }')"; \
+    	wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$dpkgArch"; \
+    	wget -O /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc "https://github.com/tianon/gosu/releases/download/$GOSU_VERSION/gosu-$dpkgArch.asc"; \
+    	export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \
+    	gpg --batch --keyserver hkps://keys.openpgp.org --recv-keys B42F6819007F00F88E364FD4036A9C25BF357DD4; \
+    	gpg --batch --verify /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc /usr/local/bin/gosu; \
+    	gpgconf --kill all; \
+    	rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME" /usr/local/bin/gosu.asc; \
+    	apt-mark auto '.*' > /dev/null; \
+    	[ -z "$savedAptMark" ] || apt-mark manual $savedAptMark > /dev/null; \
+    	apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false; \
+    	chmod +x /usr/local/bin/gosu; \
+    	gosu --version; \
+    	gosu nobody true
+    
+    # make the "en_US.UTF-8" locale so postgres will be utf-8 enabled by default
+    RUN set -eux; \
+    	if [ -f /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/docker ]; then \
+    # if this file exists, we're likely in "debian:xxx-slim", and locales are thus being excluded so we need to remove that exclusion (since we need locales)
+    		grep -q '/usr/share/locale' /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/docker; \
+    		sed -ri '/\/usr\/share\/locale/d' /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/docker; \
+    		! grep -q '/usr/share/locale' /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/docker; \
+    	fi; \
+    	apt-get update; apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends locales; rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
+    	localedef -i en_US -c -f UTF-8 -A /usr/share/locale/locale.alias en_US.UTF-8
+    ENV LANG en_US.utf8
+    
+    RUN set -eux; \
+    	apt-get update; \
+    	apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    # install "nss_wrapper" in case we need to fake "/etc/passwd" and "/etc/group" (especially for OpenShift)
+    # https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/issues/359
+    # https://cwrap.org/nss_wrapper.html
+    		libnss-wrapper \
+    # install "xz-utils" for .sql.xz docker-entrypoint-initdb.d files
+    		xz-utils \
+    	; \
+    	rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+    
+    RUN mkdir /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
+    
+    RUN set -ex; \
+    # pub   4096R/ACCC4CF8 2011-10-13 [expires: 2019-07-02]
+    #       Key fingerprint = B97B 0AFC AA1A 47F0 44F2  44A0 7FCC 7D46 ACCC 4CF8
+    # uid                  PostgreSQL Debian Repository
+    	key='B97B0AFCAA1A47F044F244A07FCC7D46ACCC4CF8'; \
+    	export GNUPGHOME="$(mktemp -d)"; \
+    	gpg --batch --keyserver ha.pool.sks-keyservers.net --recv-keys "$key"; \
+    	gpg --batch --export "$key" > /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/postgres.gpg; \
+    	command -v gpgconf > /dev/null && gpgconf --kill all; \
+    	rm -rf "$GNUPGHOME"; \
+    	apt-key list
+    
+    ENV PG_MAJOR 12
+    ENV PG_VERSION 12.3-1.pgdg100+1
+    
+    RUN set -ex; \
+    	\
+    # see note below about "*.pyc" files
+    	export PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=1; \
+    	\
+    	dpkgArch="$(dpkg --print-architecture)"; \
+    	case "$dpkgArch" in \
+    		amd64 | arm64 | i386 | ppc64el) \
+    # arches officialy built by upstream
+    			echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ buster-pgdg main $PG_MAJOR" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list; \
+    			apt-get update; \
+    			;; \
+    		*) \
+    # we're on an architecture upstream doesn't officially build for
+    # let's build binaries from their published source packages
+    			echo "deb-src http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ buster-pgdg main $PG_MAJOR" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list; \
+    			\
+    			case "$PG_MAJOR" in \
+    				9.* | 10 ) ;; \
+    				*) \
+    # https://github.com/docker-library/postgres/issues/484 (clang-6.0 required, only available in stretch-backports)
+    # TODO remove this once we hit buster+
+    					echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-backports main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list; \
+    					;; \
+    			esac; \
+    			\
+    			tempDir="$(mktemp -d)"; \
+    			cd "$tempDir"; \
+    			\
+    			savedAptMark="$(apt-mark showmanual)"; \
+    			\
+    # build .deb files from upstream's source packages (which are verified by apt-get)
+    			apt-get update; \
+    			apt-get build-dep -y \
+    				postgresql-common pgdg-keyring \
+    				"postgresql-$PG_MAJOR=$PG_VERSION" \
+    			; \
+    			DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS="nocheck parallel=$(nproc)" \
+    				apt-get source --compile \
+    					postgresql-common pgdg-keyring \
+    					"postgresql-$PG_MAJOR=$PG_VERSION" \
+    			; \
+    # we don't remove APT lists here because they get re-downloaded and removed later
+    			\
+    # reset apt-mark's "manual" list so that "purge --auto-remove" will remove all build dependencies
+    # (which is done after we install the built packages so we don't have to redownload any overlapping dependencies)
+    			apt-mark showmanual | xargs apt-mark auto > /dev/null; \
+    			apt-mark manual $savedAptMark; \
+    			\
+    # create a temporary local APT repo to install from (so that dependency resolution can be handled by APT, as it should be)
+    			ls -lAFh; \
+    			dpkg-scanpackages . > Packages; \
+    			grep '^Package: ' Packages; \
+    			echo "deb [ trusted=yes ] file://$tempDir ./" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/temp.list; \
+    # work around the following APT issue by using "Acquire::GzipIndexes=false" (overriding "/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/docker-gzip-indexes")
+    #   Could not open file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_tmp_tmp.ODWljpQfkE_._Packages - open (13: Permission denied)
+    #   ...
+    #   E: Failed to fetch store:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_tmp_tmp.ODWljpQfkE_._Packages  Could not open file /var/lib/apt/lists/partial/_tmp_tmp.ODWljpQfkE_._Packages - open (13: Permission denied)
+    			apt-get -o Acquire::GzipIndexes=false update; \
+    			;; \
+    	esac; \
+    	\
+    	apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends postgresql-common; \
+    	sed -ri 's/#(create_main_cluster) .*$/\1 = false/' /etc/postgresql-common/createcluster.conf; \
+    	apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    		"postgresql-$PG_MAJOR=$PG_VERSION" \
+    	; \
+    	\
+    	rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*; \
+    	\
+    	if [ -n "$tempDir" ]; then \
+    # if we have leftovers from building, let's purge them (including extra, unnecessary build deps)
+    		apt-get purge -y --auto-remove; \
+    		rm -rf "$tempDir" /etc/apt/sources.list.d/temp.list; \
+    	fi; \
+    	\
+    # some of the steps above generate a lot of "*.pyc" files (and setting "PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE" beforehand doesn't propagate properly for some reason), so we clean them up manually (as long as they aren't owned by a package)
+    	find /usr -name '*.pyc' -type f -exec bash -c 'for pyc; do dpkg -S "$pyc" &> /dev/null || rm -vf "$pyc"; done' -- '{}' +
+    
+    # make the sample config easier to munge (and "correct by default")
+    RUN set -eux; \
+    	dpkg-divert --add --rename --divert "/usr/share/postgresql/postgresql.conf.sample.dpkg" "/usr/share/postgresql/$PG_MAJOR/postgresql.conf.sample"; \
+    	cp -v /usr/share/postgresql/postgresql.conf.sample.dpkg /usr/share/postgresql/postgresql.conf.sample; \
+    	ln -sv ../postgresql.conf.sample "/usr/share/postgresql/$PG_MAJOR/"; \
+    	sed -ri "s!^#?(listen_addresses)\s*=\s*\S+.*!\1 = '*'!" /usr/share/postgresql/postgresql.conf.sample; \
+    	grep -F "listen_addresses = '*'" /usr/share/postgresql/postgresql.conf.sample
+    
+    RUN mkdir -p /var/run/postgresql && chown -R postgres:postgres /var/run/postgresql && chmod 2777 /var/run/postgresql
+    
+    ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/lib/postgresql/$PG_MAJOR/bin
+    ENV PGDATA /var/lib/postgresql/data
+    # this 777 will be replaced by 700 at runtime (allows semi-arbitrary "--user" values)
+    RUN mkdir -p "$PGDATA" && chown -R postgres:postgres "$PGDATA" && chmod 777 "$PGDATA"
+    VOLUME /var/lib/postgresql/data
+    
+    COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
+    RUN ln -s usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh / # backwards compat
+    ENTRYPOINT ["docker-entrypoint.sh"]
+    
+    RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y "postgresql-plpython3-12"
+    
+    # RUN echo 'CREATE EXTENSION plpythonu;' > /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/plpythonu.sql
+    
+    EXPOSE 5432
+    CMD ["postgres"]
+
+</details>
+
+    3. 文件内容说明
+        1). docker-entrypoint.sh 是postgresql数据库的配置文件, 会拷贝到镜像内部使用
+        2). Dockerfile是docker用来构建镜像的文件, 分为三部分 分别是 安装python3, 安装postgresql数据库, 安装plpython3插件
+    以上是镜像文件构建的准备工作
+
+## 构建镜像
+
+    1. 在dockerTemp临时工作目录内构建镜像
+        docker build -t mypg:2 .
+        其中-t是给镜像起个名字, mypg是名字, 2是版本号, 最后还有一个.表示基于当前目录进行构建镜像, 如果初次执行, 该命令耗时较长
+
+## 运行镜像, 开启服务
+
+    1. 查看镜像
+        docker images
+![pg002](./img/pgdocker_002.png)
+
+    2. 运行
+        mkdir -p /var/lib/postgresql/data
+        docker run -d -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=123456 --name pg12 -v /var/lib/postgresql/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data -p 5432:5432 mypg:1 postgres
+        
+        -d表示后台执行
+        -e表示设置环境变量(此处未pg数据库密码)
+        --name是给容器起一个名字pg12
+        -p 表示端口映射(本机端口:容器端口)
+        -v 表示文件夹映射(本机目录:容器目录)  此处表示postgresql的数据文件存放目录放在本机中, 即便换了容器, 数据也是不变
+        postgres 表示开启容器后执行的命令(postgres表示开启postgresql数据库)
+    3. 检测
+        docker ps         (查看当前运行中的容器 -a是查看所有)
+        如下图所示, 服务已经开启, 可以测试连接数据库
+![pg003](./img/pgdocker_003.jpg)
+
+## 查看pg数据库数据文件的映射(volumes 映射)
+    
+    volumes文件映射的功能是让容器和本机的文件夹数据共享的机制
+        docker inspect pg12 | grep Mounts -A 20
+    
+![pg004](./img/pgdocker_004.jpg)
+
+## 其他常用命令
+    
+    1. 查看所有容器
+        docker ps -a
+    2. 查看所有镜像
+        docker images
+    3. 关闭容器, 开启容器
+        docker start pg12
+        docker stop pg12
+    4. 删除容器
+        docker rm pg12  (需要先关闭容器)
+        docker rm -f pg12  (强制删除)
+    5. 删除镜像
+        docker rmi [镜像id]
+    6. 进入容器
+        docker exec -it pg12 /bin/bash
+        (帮助: docker exec --help)
+    7. 退出容器
+        ctrl + P + Q

+ 1 - 0
docs/setup/index.js

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ const content = [
                     ["/setup/centos/server/nginx", "Nginx"],
                     ["/setup/centos/server/tomcat", "Tomcat"],
                     ["/setup/centos/server/postgresql", "PostgreSQL"],
+                    ["/setup/centos/server/postgresql-docker", "PostgreSQL(Docker版)"],
                     ["/setup/centos/server/kafka", "Kafka"]
                 ]
             },